Determiners in English

[economist_memory]

any (of)
We use any in front of uncountable and plural noiıns: Do you have any news about Peter? Do you know any players from their team?
• We use any of in front of pronouns, possessive adjectives and the:
Was any of it useful?
I haven’t seen any of your work yet. Do you know any of the players?
• We usually use any (of) in questions and negative sentences:
Do you know any famous people?
I can’t speak any of these languages.
• We often use any with more. As two words, it means ‘not more and we use it with a positive verb:
I refuse to do any more washing up.
Do you have any more news about Peter?
As one word it means ‘not any Longer’ and we use it with a negative verb:
I’m not washing up anymore.

a lot Of


We can use a lot of with plurals and uncountable nouns. It means ‘a large number or amount of: The baby has a lot of toys.
Do you drink a lot of fruit juice? We don’t buy o lot of clothes.
• We use a tot after a verb:
He eats a lot. Does he talk o!ot?
• We use a singular verb with an uncountable noun: There is a lot of information on the Internet. A lot of money is spent on weapons.
• We use a plural verb with plural nouns: A tot of films are produced in Hollywood. There are a tot of cars in the parking lot.


lots (of)


We can use lots (of) as an informal alternative to a lot (Oft
I had lots of presents on my birthday.
We wish you tots of luck in your exams.
• We use lots after a verb: Don’t give him any more cake - he has lots.


many (of)

We use many in front of plural nouns in questions and negative sentences when we refer to a group of
people or things:
How many English teachers have you had so far? Did you meet many interesting people on holiday? I didn’t get many presents on my birthday.
• We also use many in expressions such as:
too many, very many:
There were too many people in the supermarket.
• We use many of in front of plural pronouns,
possessive adjectives and the + plural nouns: Many of them like folk music. I haven’t seen many of his films. Many of the plates were broken.


much (of)

We use much in front of uncountable nouns, mainly
in questions and negatives:
How much water do you drink a day? I haven’t got much money to spend.
• We also use much in expressions such as:
too much, very much:
It costs too much.
Thank you very much.
• We use much of in front of pronouns, possessive
adjectives and the… :
He liked the food but he didn’t eat much of it. She doesn’t spend much of her time reading. Much of the food was too greasy.


some (of)

We use some in front of uncountable and plural nouns:
There is some food in the fridge.
I’ve got some good friends.

We often use some in affirmative sentences and in questions when we expect the answer ‘Yes’:

I’ve met some nice people. Would you like some water?
We use some of in front of plural pronouns, possessive adjectives and the … :
Some of you won’t need to buy a ticket. Can I borrow some of your crayons? Some of the places are free. Take some of the cake home with you.


all (of)

We can use all in front of plural or uncountable nouns
when we are referring to each/every one of a group or the complete amount:
All students have to work hard to get good grades. All paper should be recycled.
• We use all or all of in front of possessive adjectives and the… :
She ate all (of) her rice.
All (of) the players are fit.
We use all of in front of pronouns: They ate all of it.


another

We use another in front of singular countable nouns when we are referring to ‘one more’ or ‘a different one’:
Can I have another cup of coffee?
Would you tike to try on another pair?


both (of)

We use both (of) to talk about two people or things together. Both is always plural:
Both shoes were old and worn out. Both came from large families.
• We can use both (of) in front of possessive adjectives and the + plural nouns:
Both (of) my parents are mathematicians. Both (of) the twins have colds.
• We use both of in front of pronouns: Both of them speak English well.
each (of)

We use each (of) to talk about two or more people or things when we think of them as separate. Each is always singular:
Each student has to buy the book. Each postcard was lovely.
• We use each of in front of pronouns, possessive adjectives and the + plural nouns:
Each of us should sign the letter.
She gives each of her children the same attention. Each of the players held the Cup.


either (of)


We use either (of) to talk about two people or things
when we include both of them. We use either in front of a singular noun and with a positive verb:
• Either tool will open the window.
• We use either of in front of plural pronouns, possessive adjectives and the + plural noun:
Either of them could win the competition. I haven’t read either of his books.
Either of the twins can come but not both.

a few (of), a little (of)


A few and a little mean the same as ’some’ or ‘not a lot/not much:
• We use a few in front of plural countable nouns only.
I invited a few friends to my birthday party.
I’ve had only a few driving lessons.
• We use a little in front of uncountable nouns only:
There is a little cake left.
We still have a little time before the train leaves.
• We use a few of and a tittle of in front of pronouns, possessive adjectives and the … :
I invited a few of them for tea.
A few of my friends brought presents. There’s a little of the cake left.


more (of)

We use more in front of uncountable and plural nouns when we refer to a larger number or amount:
More people play football than tennis.
• We use more of in front of pronouns, possessive adjectives and the … :
I’d like to see more of you at the next meeting. He wants to see more of your paintings. I’m not doing any more of the washing up.

most (of)

We use most in front of plural and uncountable nouns when we refer to the largest number or amount:
Most people prefer not to smoke. Most rice is grown in Asia.
• We use most of in front of pronouns, possessive adjectives and the … :

Most of us want to be successful.
He spends most of his money on COs. We play tennis most of the time.


neither (of)

We use neither (of) to talk about two people or
things when we exclude both of them. We use neither in front of a singular noun, and the verb is always singular:
Neither window opens easily.
• We use neither of in front of plural pronouns, possessive adjectives and the + plural noun:
Neither of them is/are coming.
Neither of his parents was/were British. Neither of the twins can swim.
Neither is a negative word. Do not use neither with a verb in the negative form.


no

We use no in front of uncountable and plural nouns: I’ve got no money at all.
There are no students in the classroom.
• No means the same as ‘not any:
I’ve got no problems at all = I haven’t got any problems.


none of

We use none of in front of plural pronouns,
possessive adjectives and the + plural noun meaning ‘not any of. The verb can be singular or plural and it is always positive.
None of them treated us seriously.
None of the people was/were aware of danger.
Do not use none with a verb in the negative form.


other and others

We use other in front of plural nouns when we refer to people or things in addition to those already known:
She never thinks about other people.
Mary was dissatisfied with her test results but other students were quite happy.
• We use others without a noun:
Some people came on time, others were late.
the other and the others

We use the other in front of singular and plural countable nouns. It means `not this one’ or-’the remaining one(s)’:
This shoe is very dirty but the other one is quite clean.
The goalkeeper was terrible but the other players defended well.
The bride’s family were very smart but the other guests were quite informally dressed.
• We use the others without a noun:
A few players were quite good but the others were hopeless.
(*We can use these determiners with of in front of pronouns (it, us, you, them: most of us; much of it, many of them), possessive adjectives, these/those and the…: most of these books; some of my friends; a few of the answers).
Determiners with of are pronouns. For example, both shoes (both = determiner), both of her shoes (both = pronoun).

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